On June 26, the International Day in Support of Victims of Torture is observed globally to honor survivors and reiterate the commitment to combat torture. This day signifies the adoption of the UN Charter in 1945 and the enforcement of the Convention against Torture in 1987. For Bangladesh, this occasion coincides with preparations for the second anniversary of the July uprising.
A report by the OHCHR investigating the events of July-August 2024 revealed instances of torture and degrading treatment in security responses, highlighting unresolved grievances. Victims are still awaiting accountability for these violations and the root causes of the uprising. Despite the constitutional ban on torture, the repercussions of past abuses persist, prompting Bangladesh to initiate preventive measures.
In 2025, Bangladesh became a signatory to the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture (OPCAT), aligning with 96 other nations committed to the prevention of torture by allowing independent oversight of detention facilities. While ratification was a significant milestone, the importance of translating commitments into action is underscored on June 26. The country, with support from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), embarked on much-anticipated reforms of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in the same year, engaging with over 600 survivors, advocates, and stakeholders. These consultations emphasized citizens’ expectations of dignity, protection, and a clear departure from past violations.
The proposed law positions the NHRC as Bangladesh’s National Preventive Mechanism (NPM), granting it authority to inspect detention centers, engage in dialogue with authorities, and propose enhancements to ensure promises translate into safeguarding rights. Under OPCAT obligations, Bangladesh must establish its NPM within a year of accession, necessitating not only legal revisions but also effective implementation and empowerment of the mechanism. Independent, well-funded institutions adhering to the Paris Principles through transparent appointments, merit-based leadership, adequate funding, and robust investigative capabilities are crucial for fulfilling mandates.
Experience from NPMs worldwide demonstrates that preventive monitoring fosters accountability, enhances professionalism, improves conditions for detainees and staff, and fosters public trust in safeguarding institutions. These functions align with the aspirations voiced by young Bangladeshis during recent discussions on torture prevention tools conducted by UNDP and the Association for the Prevention of Torture (APT).
With a strong foundation, ongoing progress, and a critical juncture, Bangladesh has the opportunity to establish an independent, adequately supported National Preventive Mechanism this year, honoring torture victims and setting an example for the region on effective prevention. On the International Day in Support of Victims of Torture, Bangladesh can lead not just in words but in tangible actions.
